Growth Modeling: Structural Equation and Multilevel Modeling Approaches (Methodology in the Social Sciences)

Synopsis

Growth Models Are Among The Core Methods For Analyzing How And When People Change. Discussing Both Structural Equation And Multilevel Modeling Approaches, This Book Leads Readers Step By Step Through Applying Each Model To Longitudinal Data To Answer Particular Research Questions. It Demonstrates Cutting-edge Ways To Describe Linear And Nonlinear Change Patterns, Examine Within-person And Between-person Differences In Change, Study Change In Latent Variables, Identify Leading And Lagging Indicators Of Change, Evaluate Co-occurring Patterns Of Change Across Multiple Variables, And More. User-friendly Features Include Real Data Examples, Code (for Mplus Or Nlmixed In Sas, And Openmx Or Nlme In R), Discussion Of The Output, And Interpretation Of Each Model's Results.-- Machine Generated Contents Note: Pt. I Introduction And Organization -- 1. Overview, Goals Of Longitudinal Research, And Historical Developments -- Overview -- Five Rationales For Longitudinal Research -- Historical Development Of Growth Models -- Modeling Frameworks And Programs -- 2. Practical Preliminaries: Things To Do Before Fitting Growth Models -- Data Structures -- Longitudinal Plots -- Data Screening -- Output -- Longitudinal Measurement -- Reliability -- Scaling/sensitivity -- Measurement Invariance -- Time Metrics -- Change Hypotheses -- Incomplete Data -- Moving Forward -- Pt. Ii The Linear Growth Model And Its Extensions -- 3. Linear Growth Models -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- No-growth Model -- Linear Growth Model -- Predicted Trajectories And Residuals -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- No-growth Model -- Linear Growth Model -- Predicted Trajectories And Residuals -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- 4. Continuous Time Metrics -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Definition Variable Approach -- Time-window Approach -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- 5. Linear Growth Models With Time-invariant Covariates -- Multilevel Model Framework -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Important Considerations -- Model Fit -- Explained Variance -- Standardized Coefficients -- Moving Forward -- 6. Multiple-group Growth Modeling -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Important Considerations -- Model Comparisons -- Ordering Of Model Comparisons -- Moving Forward -- 7. Growth Mixture Modeling -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Model Fit, Model Comparison, And Class Enumeration -- Important Considerations -- Approaching Growth Mixture Models -- Pitfalls In Growth Mixture Modeling -- Moving Forward -- 8. Multivariate Growth Models And Dynamic Predictors -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Multivariate Growth Model -- Time-varying Covariate Model -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Multivariate Growth Model -- Time-varying Covariate Model -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Multivariate Growth Model -- Time-varying Covariate Model -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Multivariate Growth Model -- Time-varying Covariate Model -- Important Considerations -- Proper Interpretation -- Moving Forward -- Pt. Iii Nonlinearity In Growth Modeling -- 9. Introduction To Nonlinearity -- Organization For Nonlinear Change Models -- Moving Forward -- 10. Growth Models With Nonlinearity In Time -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Quadratic Growth Model -- Spline Growth Models -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Quadratic Growth Model -- Spline Growth Models -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Quadratic Growth Model -- Spline Growth Models -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Quadratic Growth Model -- Spline Growth Model -- Important Considerations -- Variations Of Models Presented -- Extensions -- Moving Forward -- 11. Growth Models With Nonlinearity In Parameters -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Latent Basis Growth Mode! -- Spline Growth Models With Estimated Knot Points -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Latent Basis Growth Model -- Spline Growth Mode! With Estimated Knot Point -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Latent Basis Growth Model -- Spline Growth Model With Estimated Knot Point -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Latent Basis Growth Model -- Spline Growth Model With Estimated Knot Point -- Important Considerations -- Individually Varying Measurement Schedules -- Covariates, Multiple Groups, And Mixtures -- Moving Forward -- 12. Growth Models With Nonlinearity In Random Coefficients -- Multilevel Modeling Framework -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Mode! -- Bilinear Spline Growth Model With Variability In The Knot Point -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Bilinear Spline Growth Model With Variation In The Knot Point -- Structural Equation Modeling Framework -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Spline Growth Model With Variation In The Knot Point -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Model -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- Pt. Iv Modeling Change With Latent Entities -- 13. Modeling Change With Ordinal Outcomes -- Dichotomous Outcomes -- Polytomous Outcomes -- Illustration -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Growth Model With A Dichotomous Outcome -- Growth Model With A Polytomous Outcome -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Growth Model With A Dichotomous Outcome -- Growth Model With A Polytomous Outcome -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- 14. Modeling Change With Latent Variables Measured By Continuous Indicators -- Common Factor Model -- Identification -- Factorial Invariance Over Time -- Testing Factorial Invariance With Longitudinal Data -- Second-order Growth Model -- Illustration -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Longitudinal Common Factor Model -- Second-order Growth Model -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- 15. Modeling Change With Latent Variables Measured By Ordinal Indicators -- Item Response Modeling -- Dichotomous Response Models -- Polytomous Item Response Models -- Measurement Invariance In Item Response Models -- Second-order Growth Model -- Illustration -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Longitudinal Item Factor Model -- Second-order Growth Model -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- Pt. V Latent Change Scores As A Framework For Studying Change -- 16. Introduction To Latent Change Score Modeling -- General Model Specification -- Models Of Change -- Commonly Specified Growth Models -- Expansion 1 Dynamic Noise -- Expansion 2 Dynamic Effects -- Illustration -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Dual Change Model -- Model Fit -- Important Considerations -- Alternative Specification -- Moving Forward -- 17. Multivariate Latent Change Score Models -- Autoregressive Cross-lag Model -- Multivariate Growth Model -- Multivariate Latent Change Score Model -- Illustration -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Full Coupling Dual Change Model -- Model Fit -- Important Considerations -- Moving Forward -- 18. Rate-of-change Estimates In Nonlinear Growth Models -- Growth Rate Models -- Latent Change Score Models -- Illustration -- Multilevel Modeling Implementation -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Rate Model -- Structural Equation Modeling Implementation -- Jenss -- Bayley Growth Rate Model -- Jenss -- Bayley Latent Change Model -- Important Considerations -- Appendix A A Brief Introduction To Multilevel Modeling -- Illustrative Example -- Random Intercept Model -- Inclusion Of Level-1 Predictor -- Inclusion Of Level-2 Predictor -- Multilevel Modeling And Longitudinal Data -- Appendix B A Brief Introduction To Structural Equation Modeling -- Illustrative Example -- Structural Equation Modeling And Longitudinal Data. Kevin J. Grimm, Nilam Ram, Ryne Estabrook. Includes Bibliographical References (pages 505-515) And Indexes.