Secret Wars and Secret Policies in the Americas, 1842-1929

Synopsis

The Conflicts That Culminated In The First And Second World Wars Had Their Origins In The Rise Of Imperial Powers In North America, Europe, And Asia In The Late Nineteenth Century And The Imperialist Quests For The Resources Of Colonies And Former Colonies. American Expansionists, Encouraged By A Growing U.s. Navy, Nurtured U.s. Policies With Illusions Of Easy Access To South America. Policy Makers In The Fledgling Empires Of Germany, Japan, Spain, And Italy Relied On Clandestine Means To Rival U.s. Ambitions. In This Original And Thoroughly Researched Book, Based On New Sources From Previously Unused Collections In Germany And Spain, Friedrich E. Schuler Details Their Attempts To Suborn Ethnic Groups Within Latin America But Also The United States To Establish Ethnic Beachheads That Would Serve To Undermine U.s. Interests. These Deeply Disturbing Lessons Became Central Historical Reference Points For U.s. Policy Makers During World War Ii. Not Surprisingly, Though Rarely Covered In Latin American Historiography, Latin American Nations, But Also Spain, Developed Their Own Plans To Exploit These Imperialist Rivalries After World War I. The Resulting Intrigue And Subterfuge Revealed In This Revisionist Study Add A Fascinating New Dimension To Our Understanding Of Transpacific And Transatlantic Politics During This Critical Period Of World History. Before European And Japanese Governments Manipulated Immigrants In The Americas -- Becoming Useful : The First Japanese And German Experiments With Ethnic Manipulations In The West -- Mexico Discovers Japan As A Potential Strategic Wedge Against The United States -- The Mexican Revolution : The First Complex Japanese Policy In Latin America Beyond Diplomacy -- Four Waves Of Secret Warfare -- Japan's Navy Exploits The Opportunities World War I Offers -- President Carranza Explores Warfare Against The United States : Certainly Not A Victim -- The War Breaks All Certainties Of Imperialism : The Battle Of Jutland And The Collapse Of Allied War Financing -- The Zimmerman Telegram And Its Aftermath : A Research Update -- Argentina's President Hipólito Irigoyen : Personalist Hispanista Secret Diplomacy -- Venustiano Carranza And Japanese Spies Move Next To Ethnic Businessmen And Emigrants In Latin America (1919-22) -- Argentina Imagines Arming Itself In The Midst Of More Japanese Spying -- Latin American Diplomats Assert A Policy Of Armed Peace -- Italian, German, And Japanese Governments And Soviet Communists Resume Manipulations Of Ethnic Communities And Workers In The Americas -- Spain's Elites Lay The Foundations For A Global Iberian Commonwealth -- Now That We Can Arm Freely -- Primo De Rivera And Alfonso Xiii Exploit Germany's Secret Rearmament. Friedrich E. Schuler. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.